# Power of Modularity in Streamlining Drone Delivery Operations

- Event: NestGen ’23
- Published: March 18, 2023
- Length: 47:22
- Watch: https://nestgen.org/library/watch/NH8bx_LC1zE/

> The transcript of a recorded NestGen session, for reading or for use with an AI tool. It comes from the video's
> captions; automatic captions can mishear names and terms.

## About this session

Learn how critical it is to leverage the power of an entire ecosystem of complementary technologies to scale drone delivery operations.

## Transcript

**[0:09]** thank you hello again hello and welcome everyone I'm vishali a marker manager at FlytBase and the sessions moderator and I'm thrilled to welcome you all to this panel discussion that I have been personally looking forward to uh before I begin I wanted to quickly check in with you to see if you're all having a good time and getting value out of the sessions please leave in your thoughts in the chat your feedback will help us curate the sessions in the future editions and do let us know where you're joining in from and what brought you uh to the session what are you excited about and what are you looking forward to here at this session uh we are here today to discuss about drone deliveries the most talked about subject in this industry so I was recently reading a piece from McKinsey and Company and it said that in early 2022 a year ago more than 2 000 commercial drone deliveries were occurring every day worldwide and that number is only grown since that's incredible

**[1:11]** right so as the industry scales and moves beyond the test flight or POC stage it has become increasingly important to Leverage The Power of a complete ecosystem of complementary Technologies such as the Drone itself the payload mechanism the delivery stations the software and not to forget the operations and navigating through the regulatory landscape and therefore we've gathered our panel of experts today to discuss just that so without any further Ado let me start by welcoming our first panelist Ian founder and CEO of Zing uh which provides businesses with customizable TurnKey solutions that enable them to get started with drone delivery operations efficiently welcome Ian could you please briefly introduce yourself to the audience hey everybody uh thanks for having me um so yeah zeng is a drone delivery platform we provide TurnKey solutions to businesses that are looking to get started drone

**[2:15]** delivery is really picking up right now as you mentioned over 2 000 deliveries on average happening per day and actually over 1 million commercial drone deliveries were completed last year so we're really excited right now right now is like an inflection point for drone delivery so really looking forward to this panel zing foreign

**[3:15]** foreign again for the video it looks great I'll pick your brains soon but meanwhile let me introduce Evan a co-founder of A to Z delivery that is actually pushing the boundaries of automated delivery with a range of products including drone hardware and winches so please welcome Evan over to you for the introduction great thanks for joining in everyone I'm excited for this panel so we're A to Z we manufacture dream up and and build a wide range of drone delivery Hardware so we provide the technology to make all the stuff you're hearing about in all these exciting panels possible so what you're going to see upcoming the upcoming video is a Showcase of some of our Tech so both the Drone and the the winch we've uh created and are currently out in the field doing drone deliveries

**[4:18]** okay so let's just quickly watch the video foreign thank you

**[5:41]** very much that's such a brilliant video I will let we'll listen to more of your stories well let me move on foreign or we'll see it again yes uh so thanks Evan let welcome to discuss their patented drone delivery station that has solved the last inch logistic problems so hello Ryan pleasure to have you with us today thanks so much for having me by Charlie uh yeah so I'm Brian Walsh uh she mentioned CEO and founder of Valkyrie we create uh the other side of the equation so secure receptacles that can both send and receive packages autonomously um loading the the Drone receiving packages from the Drone and solving the issue of what happens on the receiving end if you're not there

**[6:42]** okay let's quickly watch your video of the valkari Drone station okay so everything you can see here we're controlled through uh an app it's very easy to interface with our system um as soon as it stops buffering yes sorry again for that uh Ryan just quite all right these things happen um but we are drone agnostic uh we work with virtually any airframe um so we can deal with packages from winch deliveries hover

**[7:47]** drops landed drones so we we tend to be as modular and extensible as possible to really meet the demands of both the Drone operator as well as what the customer is looking for I've got your video on my screen if that might help present uh that'll be great uh if you could share your screen um uh can you can you uh present it uh Evan can you just uh click on the present button I I will meanwhile just quickly check the network uh I think maybe we can get uh or back to it uh uh sorry Ryan uh for the inconvenience uh we can move forward uh with it and then maybe at the end when you're talking about the delivery station we can play that video once again um I would also like to uh you know invite my colleague

**[8:47]** directs and heads the business development team at FlytBase and he's gonna uh join in today to talk about the importance of an Enterprise ready software platform for managing drone deliveries end to end so welcome achal uh we can see the price of video later if once the internet is not acting up but then uh thank you again for being here would please uh quickly introduce yourself to the audience yeah hey hi everybody I am the Director of Business Development so I haven't a decade over experience working with drones we have a specific platform called flight zip which enables drone delivery and that is being used worldwide to automate drones uh for different use cases and we're going to talk about more in details as we have this final discussion so really excited to be here and yeah hi everybody uh on the panel uh thank you so before I begin couple of housekeeping rules in case you want to have

**[9:49]** ask any questions for to the panelists please drop them in uh the chat section and we should be able to you know I should be able to pick up some questions from there and ask them to the panel and uh finally I would like to thank our sponsors uh title sponsor DJI Enterprise and platinum sponsor Walter service Aerospace for supporting us in this journey so let's jump into the session and my first question is for Ian uh Yan what prompted you to develop a business model that integrates various Technologies to provide businesses with the turnkey solution for drone deliveries and why is it more important now than ever so great question um I think there's a few components of that we we got started with drone delivery back in 2018 under part 107. uh we started to find like all of the intricacies and the pieces of technology that are needed for a complete drone delivery solution there's really so many components that have to fit

**[10:53]** together perfectly in order for you to have a compliant and successful operation so we were starting to do these demonstrations all around the United States and through these demonstrations getting like the regulatory approvals both for uh Lance approvals and like 107 41 approvals for controlled airspace and like class around Class B airports and things like that so we we really started to see like exactly what it takes to perform a successful operation by doing them and we started finding different companies around the industry and and building up strategic Partnerships so that we could basically enable ourselves to perform these operations and then we started getting inquiries from businesses saying that they wanted to start their own operations and that's really even started to pick up now as people are starting to see all over the world like like we mentioned a million deliveries completed last year commercially businesses are starting to see this and starting to wonder how they can integrate it but from somebody outside of the Drone industry it's extremely

**[11:58]** complicated and complex to start up your own operation so we saw an opportunity to basically provide all of these pieces from the Best in Class companies like we utilize the A to Z drone delivery system and the valkyrie smart mailbox system to basically create a complete solution for somebody who's looking to get started with an operation we also provide the pilots so we have a network of 3 000 part 107 pilots and we would basically train them to perform drone deliveries for a specific location so right now there's a lot of people that are interested in drone delivery they don't know their regulations they don't know the technology and we want to provide like an all-in-one all-encompassing solution for them that they can use TurnKey out of the box a very important Point bringing together all the pieces of the puzzle is also equally important and a lot of people out there just do not know how to get started

**[13:01]** with drone delivery operations yet they want to and I think you've done it quite well you've brought in together all the modular pieces and to you know continue on that train of thought I would like to ask our child so could you explain why a modular approach where you know bringing in all pieces uh together is much preferable than a monolithic approach and how does it reduce the time to Market sure sure so yeah I to second thoughts from Ian right the way they approached it to start don't leave service choosing the right drone component software uh I mean if you look at any industry right if you look at how Rockets are being made how Automotive Industries like so uh reliable popular right we drive cars and it doesn't fail right it starts whenever you press button made of some assemblies right where you've made in Parts different companies make lights engines you have similar engine models and different type of cars and they

**[14:02]** are built on each platform so where it's anything that you're making each player is focusing on a particular uh kind of each player is focused on a particular layer right where uh you you are perfecting that layer right and you are making it scalable uh you if you look at this industry you you could have a really reliable stable drone from a drone provider you could have a delivery box like Ryan and team is making there which could house and have all the connectivity and iot components delivery mechanisms that we saw from Eon right uh how it could help you have different kind of delivery mechanisms it could be a like a 250 pounds kind of package it could be like a 2.5 pounds right it could be anything and it would vary totally if if somebody has to do everything together in a monolith approach it could be dominance that's a huge investment it could be it's a huge Capital right and that

**[15:04]** increases the cost of the solution the reliability factor and then you have all the eggs in a single basket so this is where modular approach uh has worked and if you look at industry that's how it is done to make any product right uh to make it really scalable reliable right I think that's an excellent point archal uh I would just wanted to want to check with all the panelists if anybody would like to layer on top of that it's uh and otherwise I'll move on to the next one yeah I guess it's interesting to see how a lot of these players who have taken the the modular approach have very quickly caught up to a lot of the monolithic players in terms of their capabilities so when you look at the the folks who are doing this model if approach namely I guess uh Amazon Prime and uh and uh Wing their capabilities are outrivaled in a lot of ways at least on the technical side you know their advantage comes from their High integration and and resources as a large company but I suspect that there's a lot to

**[16:09]** be had by by someone who's putting together the Best in Class of every component rather than kind of spreading that labor amongst the uh the various components um no I'm gonna back up what both of those guys said so if you take that monolithic approach and let's say there's a new development in any of the the sub-assemblies um you're stuck and you have a very costly changeover modification to your system um it's picking one specific Lane and you have to stay in it and retrofitting is uh insurmountable cost in a lot of ways so being able to swap in the latest and greatest whether it's you know a to Z's newest winch or um you know as different Technologies evolve it becomes very easy to integrate them into current existing Networks thanks Ryan uh okay so I'm gonna move is that you have to offer including the rapid delivery system what distinguishes it

**[17:13]** from the standard packages and do you believe that the delivery drones as well require special configurations it's a good question I I would have to say that the classic answer in these scenarios is it depends um I mean there's a lot of applications to Joan delivery oftentimes people immediately think of like residential package drone delivery and I would say for for that scenario you know we we have a great setup that's sort of one of the original ideas that inspired delivering from altitude it's an approach that we've seen a lot of folks follow us in because Landing a drone is just unworkable often from uh consumer perception standpoint from a consuming battery standpoint from a logistical standpoint of having a place to deliver so that as sort of our core offering has been one of the uh a solid things we've stood behind hence you know the winch is is pretty uh uh fixed among our portfolio it's sort of our our the core product powering the rest of all of our growth

**[18:14]** um and as far as different configurations it's an interesting question because we strive one of our trickiest uh balances to strike is that between capability and versatility because the market the potential Market is huge but a lot of folks are going for these very Niche applications so having a product that that can be catered and tuned to the specific use case that somebody needs allows us to enter markets that other people can't that said being in a unique position of being one of the leading winches a lot of people turn to us first and we need to be ready to configure our Tech to whatever hits us so we have seen some very interesting applications I never would have thought of and it's very exciting to be able to you know think through our portfolio and say yeah we we have what it takes to do that so uh I would say configuration really depends on what it is that you are trying to do and uh who your partners are and what capabilities you have so in terms of the uh the possible space of delivery operations we find ourselves

**[19:15]** ending towards the versatility side because you know as a as a player in a newer Market there's a lot of room for us to break new ground that said we suspect as time goes on we'll begin to specialize our products for these Niche applications that require you know the absolute best in class as competition heats up in the space hang seven I think that's a great point and especially with regards to you know the different applications for drone deliveries you're going to get to it you know in in some time but uh we understand that it's going to be very important uh to Define it based on the use case and not just generalize it so uh yes uh moving on to you know Ryan Ryan many organizations are attempting store-to-door deliveries uh which uh what do you believe the major challenge would be uh and why would Hub to have deliveries like having a delivery Station instead is kind of the way to go for scaling operations do you have any thoughts on that yeah thank you um so if you look

**[20:18]** at even last mile delivery now um one of the biggest problems is theft um weather damage is also an issue especially when you're not under a covered porch so not having the package secured is definitely something that would be a major cost driver and concerning drones are really great at getting the package from point A to point B efficiently and cost effectively but they don't actually solve a lot of the cost drivers of Last Mile which is failed delivery attempts and theft and damage and so if you think about when people are home to be able to receive a package you're going to have a bottleneck right before work after work and it's going to create a lot of problems for the delivery companies as they start scaling so being able to schedule so those deliveries occur throughout the day and not having to have somebody be there because drone deliveries effectively a convenience it's not supposed to be something that is is uh you know taking time out of your day it should be something that just

**[21:21]** occurs while you're there you come home your package is there it's secured in a valkyrie Landing station uh whether one of our large lockers or you know one of our smaller single-family home mailboxes and so it's really important that we have an ability to mitigate some of those problems but you'll see here um in this video and thank you for playing this vishali it's uh very quick very easy no different than using any other parcel locker from uh user point of view and it also provides a full chain of custody so if you're delivering something sensitive if you're trying to mitigate insurance claims if you're trying to um you know deliver medication uh all of that chain of custody is really important in making sure it only gets to the right people and not just anybody so this as you see he takes his notification goes and presses a button on his phone and Locker pops open it couldn't be easier for everybody all right uh thanks again Ryan for sharing this this uh let me

**[22:26]** I'll just quickly pause this realization so my next question is going to be uh for uh going back to that McKenzie article that I uh read initially uh it says that for drone deliveries to truly become cost competitive will require technology and regulations to advance sufficiently for a single operator to manage as many as 20 drones in a densely used airspace so these advances would require autonomous drone flights in which drones fly with limited human intervention and you know utms and sense and avoid Solutions but businesses today are conducting deliveries with standard Mission planner and qgs qgcs applications what do you think and a specialized software would be required and will that be enough for uh to conduct drone operations delivery operations right right so I think the underlying uh statement there is how do we scale right we're talking talking about what kind of Technology do we need that is safe reliable

**[23:31]** scalable right uh using right now standard software that come with a drone is it could be very similar to like calling the nearby restaurant to deliver pizza right but today if you want to order food you might use doordash you want to order a laptop you'll use Amazon right or go to a Best Buy website or Not website and similarly there are a lot of things uh when you actually talk look at the logistic world right uh supply chain the way it works for for a pizza to uh to a laptop is very different and then comes the perspective of people that is getting involved with scales right you cannot have it without the cloud infrastructure all these companies that we look at is is basically operating through the cloud so as we scale we need a platform where all these stakeholders personas could actually come under one umbrella one platform where you have somebody is ordering somebody who is managing their own operations somebody who is sending uh the package that could be a

**[24:32]** medicine center a hospital or it could be a fmcg kind of a store for a delivery and you need these many stakeholders to be there so when we talk about all of this you need a platform to make it happen you need Cloud technology right where everything is connected to a single platform you are able to track deliveries you're able to have Integrations in the airspace that that's gonna make it safe and reliable where you have all the utms and avoid and everything together all of this is not possible with the standard software where you cannot have Integrations uh with even parachutes to UTM sense and avoid all the things that we need to send the data to the authorities so far it was possible where we were just doing uh some basic POC Pilots or small projects but to make it like a widespread and a total reality where it it becomes like are we talking about automotive industry right where cars are really normal or phones are really normal these days right there's no new thing

**[25:35]** about it uh you would need that kind of technology to happen so like these are the pointers where which would help us uh get there and we need a platform a tech platform to enable that and it's not just the software it would require a lot of different Hardware to make drones uh uh really reliable uh like I spoke about parachutes or sense and avoid collision avoidance that kind of Technology right thanks that makes a lot of sense so I missed out your video so let me just try sharing that to give people a glimpse of um the flight zip platform sure so while you're doing that flight zip has been designed with that version where uh since we have been working on a platform you know another approach we created workflows looked at the logistic world where how you have different stakeholders and created apps on that platform where uh this would allow you to get started in that domain where you have different apps for your

**[26:39]** receivers operators uh dispatchers uh so once the videos played we'll see a brief about that but this is what we look in uh we're looking at and this is uh Again The Next Step this may not be the end step the platform could be leveraged to create dedicated apps so we envision that people would modify it people would add Integrations to make it look like more Amazon or doordash or whatever your use case is all right for that particular kind of scenario okay

**[27:44]** thank you thank you thank you Ashley thanks for sharing that yes that looks great so moving on to the next question which is kind of open to all uh panelists here and so while it is true that drone deliveries have potential cost and sustainability benefits there are two known attributes that will undoubtedly determine the success of drone deliveries regulations and uh public perception so what regulatory changes

**[28:47]** are going to be required to make drone deliveries more feasible and accessible would anybody like to talk about that I can start on this one so for the existing regulations it's there's basically two existing Pathways so one is part 107 and the other is part 135 part 107 of course has its limitations such as you have to fly within visual line of sight and you can't fly over people so the current pilot projects around the United States are kind of operating within that restriction the thing about part 107 drone delivery is that according to the FAA you're not able to get a BV loss waiver specifically for drone delivery operations they want people to go down this part 135 air carrier route and that requires the Drone to get type certified and it's a long and arduous process however in the BB loss Arc they have proposed a new potential way of doing things which is to

**[29:53]** basically have uh risk requirements for the Drone that's operating you have to operate within and then having the pilot who's operating it get a new certificate from the FAA it's going to be called the part 108 certificate which is basically the autonomous drone operator and possibly drone delivery operator so the FAA is already kind of setting the stage for fully autonomous and Beyond vigilante site drone delivery a lot of the industry has been asking them to get a set up for a couple of years now and I think that we're going to see an nprm or no Pros rulemaking possibly by the end of this year and once that's in place we'll have the stage set for a final rule making on Beyond vigilante site operations and once that final rule make against an effect drone delivery might be a lot more commonplace here in the US especially bvloss use cases so in terms of regulations I think the FAA is listening to the industry and

**[30:57]** they're basically setting the stage for these Beyond visual line of sight operations to happen in the near near-term future within I would say two years probably maximum so that's that's what I'm currently seeing out there in the regulatory environment great Point Ian would anybody like to add to that yeah absolutely um a lot of the discussion especially outside of the industry is around the laws that will you know BV loss is a huge thing for most most drone delivery applications because if you're going less than a mile uh you know I mean why bother is a question a lot of people ask but what we found is a lot of people are fine with that if there are certain applications that the general public is talking less about um a lot of these shipped to shore applications internal Logistics applications uh situations where you know you're not trying to haul it you know a mile if you're just you got a busy Factory floor and you need to move tools and goods around to get expensive

**[31:59]** Machinery up and running or if you just need to get something to a boat that's you can see the boat you just don't want to hop in a you know hop in a speedboat in in jet simot over there you want you want some packages or documents or or bunker samples there you know in three minutes and there are people right now who who have applications for which the current technology and the current legislation of even 107 is economically viable so I think it is those use cases where the technology in terms of automation is really going to be uh sort of tested and explored and an exercise even while the laws are still you know brewing for these bigger applications so you know we are not sitting around with all of our Tech waiting for the legislative doors to open we are out there finding these applications where there is there is you know value to be had with what is allowed to do you know anyone with a 107 can can get out and and get going so Ian you're absolutely right we are we are paying a lot of attention to these BV loss stuff but we are also

**[33:01]** looking at what can we do right here right now and uh the answer is is quite a bit if you're clever yes that that actually makes sense is to you know make use of what is already there and then you know scale operations after building a lot of safety cases and uh doing a lot of you know pocs and demos and you know uh making it uh viable before moving on to uh BVLOS for instance a child Ryan would any of you uh like uh share your thoughts um I think the recent bill that was introduced about two weeks ago from Senator Warner and Senator thune um is getting a lot of great uh both inside and outside the industry attention um and that should really speed things up um that will turn into not having to require necessarily a part 108 but just having to conduct a risk assessment um for Beyond visual line of sight and that's um you know really really changing from what

**[34:03]** the path looks like in a very positive way as Evan was mentioning you got to get a little bit clever but there are several use cases to commercialize currently um but about 99 of the market is still closed off um so when that opens up I mean that's really when things start getting uh quite crazy in the Drone industry said that uh in in we are a data driven board right so this this is a good part where using the color current regulatory Frameworks we could start we have already started a lot of pocs Pilots if you could scale in between and show these are really reliable where even when we're doing a mile delivery right if it's fully automated it has all the stakeholders which need to be there uh so if we start building that ecosystem right now at a small scale that data could be used to show that hey this is very solid

**[35:07]** it's very then the bulletproof right and now we can scale it to even longer places you can do B loss and everything so whatever we have today we can leverage that to create that kind of data demonstrations that have enough proof that this technology is uh right now really ready to scale and as territory Frameworks are being made in terms of part one or eight and everything it it would be time to scale there and have these operations actually being deployed on a larger I'll move on to the next question uh so in terms of public perception while many early adopters see drone deliveries favorably there are a lot of concerns about privacy and safety that comes with you know flights over people so how do you see that perception evolving in the coming years as drone deliveries become more common and uh What technological or cultural changes would be required to do so

**[36:13]** I can jump in with some thoughts um I think there's on the legal side I think there's a certain inevitability we see progress happening the doors will open I think honestly I have less certainty around public perception because it is something that a larger group is controlling the public perception is a very chaotic system and I think that that initial reaction is going to be subject to the initial conditions very sensitively of how things kind of roll out like there is not enough volume of drone delivery for any operation to actually be stifled by public concern only once these legal doors open will there be enough drones in the sky for the public to actually start exerting their influence and I think that's going to be a much more powerful one than than the legal one so I think if if things go out and there's a few like very Rosy stories and things are able to get quiet and and the laws go in such a way that there's respect for the consumer uh I think there's a good chance people will see the value and and things you know concerned with ease in

**[37:13]** a favorable direction for the industry but I think there is a very real chance that you know a few ugly incidents early on and you know things being noisy and targeting maybe less useful use cases that aren't delivering the value that the inconvenience provides if the general you know zeitgeite of of drone delivery sort of tips early on in an unfavorable Direction I think that could Cascade to a pretty disastrous role for the industry you know I mean take uh supersonic Jets was an incredibly promising technology offered very very real value and it was very loud and it was somewhat dangerous and it just does not exist at all today we have perfectly valid technological and economic use cases for it but public perception killed it so I think we all have a great responsibility to be very cautious and cognizant of how we roll this stuff out because it's not the laws that are going to kill us the laws are going to open the doors for public perception to kill us if we're too eager and we're not thinking about the broader societal impacts of the things that we're

**[38:14]** building and here at A to Z we are really watching that closely in the tech we build in the operations we choose to perceive so this is one that is much more on my mind than the legal one even though the time Horizon is a little less pressing that that's actually a great Point uh I think Ian you wanted to share something so please go ahead well I think Evan had some really great points there and I think that the main hurdle to get in the door with some of these communities is gonna be kind of qualming their fears and people are afraid of what they're not familiar with so a lot of companies like uh wing and Amazon I know that they get really involved in a community prior to starting an operation and making that Community aware of the Drone maybe setting up a booth showing them what the Drone looks like and everything like that as people start to become more familiar with these kind of operations there's going to be less of that kind of like wall of fear around integrating this into a community and on the noise side like technology propeller technology is

**[39:18]** improving I've seen drones now that I mean the sound of it is more like a low hum than like a more of like a hive of bees kind of sound it's it's the propeller technology is really going to be key to um making it a non-intrusive aspect for a community so I really am excited about the kind of like the technology enhancements and also I think it's extremely important that before integrating drone delivery into a community that we go out there and we show the community what what exactly we're doing and we educate them so that they're familiar with the operation and that will really help to qualm their fears before something like this gets started uh last thing would probably be the Privacy piece at Zing we have like a no SD card policy and anyone who asks about it and they can just say we only use the camera for navigation purposes or not filming anything or capturing anything to the cloud in terms of footage

**[40:19]** I think that's a quite that's quite a valid point Ian uh Ryan would you like to add to that yeah I want to shout out Transport Canada um you know I've been participating in their Canada board and this is a very real concern for them um at how the public perceives drone technology because as I've been said it is really a critical factor in this and um both from our experience and what I'm learning from other people's experience and that is to Ian's point it's all about education everybody's concerned a drone is uh taking all this personal private information they're storing it somewhere and in reality most of them aren't right I mean that's a very small segment of mostly law enforcement that that uses them for that not on the delivery side um and so uh having that engagement in that education more than anything uh where people get to understand like this is going to provide you convenience it's going to provide you faster delivery more cost effectively and you know nobody's looking at your house or in your windows or anything like that and

**[41:20]** it tends to placate a lot of those fears people have because like just like Ian said they don't understand what they don't know and so getting them engaged bringing them into the conversation and really making their voices heard is a huge step in this yes I I totally agree Ryan I think it's important for all of us to you know be listeners and also uh you know pass on this message build the awareness that's going to be required to scale uh delivery operations um so I think we are almost at the end of the panel conversation before I end I just have this one closing uh question which is based on your experience working with customers across the globe whereas in which markets or regions do you envision drone delivery scaling and why will it just be like for medical deliveries retail or simply in areas where the the terrain prohibits accessibility would anybody like to share on that so drones have use cases that are rural suburban and urban so I mean drones are

**[42:24]** going to be everywhere drone delivery specifically is going to be everywhere and uh just based on how much kind of Market penetration there is now versus how much there could be like this is a market that's nascent it's just starting up and there's basically the entire Globe is is anywhere there's people who need deliveries drone delivery is going to become as the costs continue to go down and automation continues to go up drone deliveries are going to become the more convenient less costly and more eco-friendly options so I think the potential here is really huge yeah I think honestly I think with those three prompts that you you kind of led us with are exactly it in a place where there's a Confluence between those three are going to be among the early spaces to see widespread adoption so where where the legal barriers are low where the value is high and where the alternatives are weak so somewhere where there's not a lot of other infrastructure um where there are you know more pressing use cases mainly medical is a big big one

**[43:26]** uh and where the laws are not so restrictive so I would say and yeah basically medical delivery is medical deliveries in in developing countries that have a high need and and fewer legal barriers is I think where these larger scale autonomous operations that become integrated into society are going to be seen sooner although as Ian said once things are proven in these places people see oh it's working great for them it can work great for US legal barriers go down public perception uh Goes Down And as the tech hardens the the benefits it can deliver start to look sharper in comparison to the alternatives so I think it'll be a flow from the from the you know uh low resistance areas to the high resistance areas resistance being legal legislative and by alternative right yeah just just moving on to uh the similar thought I I would divide that into maybe like medical Public Health where you could have like vaccines medicine delivered going up to even lab samples you could get the report digitally but you have to send

**[44:29]** the samples right and uh in a lot of the countries you do not have the right uh diagnostic labs and everything available in that area and today the means is to maybe send through a vehicle uh which is delivering uh or sending it through an actual aircraft it's not possible because the schedule uh you might the next flight will be tomorrow it will send so uh maybe that is where long-range deliveries would come and uh people have experiment with organ delivery I I can see that there would be a future for that but because it's very time critical uh so maybe in public health these are the domains then I see industrial that uh ship uh showed to ship or ship to show kind of delivery right where it is really expensive to dock a ship on it it's not possible you'd have to send a a speedboat there and that that entire inter like area is industrial right there are a lot of containers and everything there's even really heavy equipments which which is dangerous anyway right so uh the

**[45:31]** acceptance will be quite high and then of course of uh the urban use cases of FM 3G delivering a lot of stuff in cities and everything would come so I would take the same part and maybe divide that into these three things where wherever these kind of use case have much more value this is how it could be adopted around the globe yeah I would uh back all of that up um into Evan's point the the legislative ends up being a very big factor um India's airspace was closed for quite some time until Prime Minister Modi opened up and uh now we have uh more drone deliveries happening in India than in most places around the world so I do think a lot of these factors are coming together but that's probably one of the biggest ones uh so I'm totally behind having on that thanks again everyone for sharing your thoughts on this so we are already over time uh and I would have to close this panel conversation it was a very interesting one uh thank you again Evan I uh Yan Ryan and uh they are all tongue twisters the

**[46:38]** names put together but thank you again everyone for spending the time today and sharing your insights with the audience um for all the audience joining in and listening to us thank you uh for tuning in and uh please uh spread the love go to the wall of Love uh Tab and share your feedback about this session and all the other sessions that we are hosting at Nest gen your feedback would mean a lot and help us curate the upcoming uh sessions and editions so thank you once again for joining in I wish you all have a great day and uh see you in some other session at nesgen thank you again and thank you again speakers uh have a great day thank you everyone like